動詞play「遊ぶ・〜を行う」の時制・人称変化と日本語の意味

      「この動詞をブックマークする」ボタンを押すと、ここによく見る動詞リストを保存できます。
                         
原形play

スマホで発音を聴くにはマナーモードを解除してください
発音記号/ pleɪ /

カタカナ発音の目安：プレイ
過去形 played
現在分詞 playing
過去分詞 played
自動詞の意味遊ぶ   試合する
他動詞の意味 〜を行う   〜を演奏する

動詞playの三人称単数形はplays、過去形はplayed、現在分詞はplaying、過去分詞はplayedです。原形playの発音は、過去形playedの発音はplayed 、過去分詞playedの発音はplayed です。

playの発音記号は/ pleɪ /、カタカナ発音での読み方はプレイです。（カタカナはあくまで発音の目安です。）

現在形の変化

現在形は日頃の行為や状態を表すのに使われます。「現在」と名前が付いていますが、現在形が指すのは現在だけでなく現在を中心とした過去・未来も含むと理解しておきましょう。日本語訳は「〜である」「〜する」です。 →現在形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 play play plays play play play
受動態 am played are played is played are played are played are played
ページ上部に戻る

動詞playは主語がIの時、I play「私は/が遊ぶ」、主語がHe/She/Itなどの三人称単数の時、He plays「彼は/が遊ぶ」と変化します。

過去形の変化

過去形は「過去の動作」「過去の状態」「過去の習慣」を表します。基本的に「動詞の原形 + ed」で過去形を作ることができ、日本語訳は「〜だった」「〜した」です。 →過去形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 played played played played played played
受動態 was played were played was played were played were played were played
ページ上部に戻る

未来形（未来の表現）の変化

動詞の形を変えて作る過去形などとは異なり、「未来形」という時制は存在しません。「will + 動詞の原形」「be going to + 動詞の原形」などで未来を表します。日本語訳は「〜だろう」「〜する予定だ」です。 →未来形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 will play will play will play will play will play will play
受動態 will be played will be played will be played will be played will be played will be played
ページ上部に戻る

現在完了形の変化

現在完了は過去のある時点から現在に至るまでの流れを表現します。「have[has] + 過去分詞」で現在完了は作られ、日本語訳は「〜してしまった（完了・結果）」「〜したことがある（経験）」「〜している（継続）」です。 →現在完了形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 have played have played has played have played have played have played
受動態 have been played have been played has been played have been played have been played have been played
ページ上部に戻る

過去完了形の変化

過去完了は「過去よりも過去（大過去）から過去のある時点に至るまでの流れ」を表します。過去のある時点が文中で明記されているのが過去完了の特徴です。「had + 過去分詞」で過去完了を作ることができ、日本語訳は「（過去のある時点までに）〜してしまった（完了・結果）」「〜したことがあった（経験）」「（過去のある時点まで）〜していた（継続）」です。 →過去完了形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 had played had played had played had played had played had played
受動態 had been played had been played had been played had been played had been played had been played
ページ上部に戻る

未来完了形の変化

「未来のある時点までの流れ」を表現するのが未来完了です。未来完了は「will + have + 過去分詞」で作られます。日本語訳は「〜してしまっているだろう（完了・結果）」「〜したことになる（経験）」「（過去のある時点まで）〜になる（継続）」です。 →未来完了形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 will have played will have played will have played will have played will have played will have played
受動態 will have been played will have been played will have been played will have been played will have been played will have been played
ページ上部に戻る

現在進行形の変化

現在形と異なり、まさに今起こっている行為を現在進行形は表現します。「be動詞 + 動詞の原形 + ing」が基本の形で、日本語訳は「〜している」です。 →現在進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 am playing are playing is playing are playing are playing are playing
受動態 am being played are being played is being played are being played are being played are being played
ページ上部に戻る

過去進行形の変化

現在進行形を過去に移動した時制が過去進行形で、「過去のある時点でまさに起こっている最中の行為」を表します。基本の形は「be動詞の過去形 + 動詞の原形 + ing」、日本語訳は「〜していた」です。 →過去進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 was playing were playing was playing were playing were playing were playing
受動態 was being played were being played was being played were being played were being played were being played
ページ上部に戻る

未来進行形の変化

未来進行形は「未来のある時点で進行中の動作」を表します。「will + be + 動詞の原形 + ing」が基本の形で、日本語訳は「〜しているだろう」です。 →未来進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 will be playing will be playing will be playing will be playing will be playing will be playing
受動態 will be being played will be being played will be being played will be being played will be being played will be being played
ページ上部に戻る

現在完了進行形の変化

現在完了進行形は過去のある時点から現在に至るまでの「動作」の継続を表します。したがって、現在完了進行形では動作動詞しか使えません。継続の意味で状態動詞を使いたい場合は現在完了を用いましょう。現在完了進行形の形は「have[has] + been + 〜ing」で、日本語訳は「〜している」です。 →現在完了進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 have been playing have been playing has been playing have been playing have been playing have been playing
受動態 have been being played have been being played has been being played have been being played have been being played have been being played
ページ上部に戻る

過去完了進行形の変化

過去完了進行形は、過去よりも過去（大過去）から過去のある時点に至るまでの「動作」の継続を表します。したがって、動作動詞は使えません。継続の意味で状態動詞を使う際には過去完了を用います。過去完了進行形の形は「had + been + 〜ing」で、日本語訳は「〜していた」です。 →過去完了進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 had been playing had been playing had been playing had been playing had been playing had been playing
受動態 had been being played had been being played had been being played had been being played had been being played had been being played
ページ上部に戻る

未来完了進行形の変化

未来完了進行形は未来のある時点に至るまでの「動作」の継続を表します。したがって、未来完了進行形では動作動詞しか使えません。継続の意味で状態動詞を使いたい場合は未来完了を用いましょう。このように未来完了と違いはあるものの、未来完了進行形が使われることはほとんどなく、通常は未来完了を使います。未来完了進行形の形は「will + have + been + 〜ing」で、日本語訳は「〜になる」です。 →未来完了進行形の用法を詳しく勉強する

人称 １人称単数 ２人称単数 ３人称単数 １人称複数 ２人称複数 ３人称複数
主語 I You He/She/It We You They
能動態 will have been playing will have been playing will have been playing will have been playing will have been playing will have been playing
受動態 will have been being played will have been being played will have been being played will have been being played will have been being played will have been being played
ページ上部に戻る

前の動詞

動詞pillow「枕をする」の時制・人称変化と日本語の意味

次の動詞

動詞pluck「〜を引きちぎる」の時制・人称変化と日本語の意味